Sharma and sharma pharmacology book pdf download
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Systematic Review Article. Research Article. Articles Ahead of Print. Alexopoulos, Despoina N. Perrea , Paulos Patapis and Ioannis A. Chloroyiannis DOI: Liapis and Frank J. Veith DOI: Djordje S. Jaafari, Maciej Banach, Gerald F. Abstracts Ahead of Print. Narrative review of recent studies on the role of vitamin D in the prevention of cardiac and renal risk and additional considerations for COVID vulnerability Aikaterini E.
Published Contents. Editor's Choice. Chapter 5. It is the study of the actions of drugs on living system. Chapter 9.
These discoveries became the foundation of pharmacology. Pharmacology in the present form is relatively recent branch about hundred years old. Chapter He was the first person who recognize disease as abnormal reaction of body. He introduce use of metallic salts for the treatment of disease. He classified medicinal plants on the base of medicinal characteristics. He introduces the use of chemicals for treatment of disease. He developed experiment to elucidate the physiological processes and action of drugs on the body.
He identifies the site of action of curare arrow Poisoning. He start teaching Pharmacology in University of Strasbourg France. In he established pharmacology department at Johns Hopkins University. Abel also co- founded the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics in He authored first book of veterinary pharmacology therapeutics in Before the establishment of this discipline, even though many remedies were used, but doctors were reluctant to apply scientific principles to therapeutics.
Definitions: Terminology uses. Definitions Therapeutics Toxicology Branch of medicine concerned With cure of disease or relief of Symptoms and includes drug Treatment Science of poisons. Protamine sulpha to counteract heparin toxicity 29 Common Drug Interactions Morphine, Atropine, Quinine, reserpine, ephedrine.
Digoxin, Digitoxin. Aspirin, paracetamol. Human insulin, Human growth hormone and Hepatitis B Vaccine. Types: Classification of Pharmacology. Types of Pharmacology 1. Experimental Pharmacology: Done in the laboratory on experimental animals such as rodents and non rodents. Clinical Pharmacology: On human subjects normal or deceased Chapter Mr.
Chemical Nature 2. Source 3. Mode of Action 5. Therapeutic Uses 6. Physiological system 7. Physical Effects Non Metals Includes Sulphur. Cozaar Pharmaco-dynamics: Actions, therapeutic Adverse, toxic. Chapter Mr. Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring Some adverse drug reactions are classified as side effects. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption, distribution, metabolism, interaction, excretion.
Factors influencing the efficacy of a drug are: — The route of Administration — The rate of Absorption — The distribution of the drug to the required site — The rate of biotransformation or metabolism — The presence of active metabolites — The rate of excretion — The route of Administration — The rate of Absorption — The distribution of the drug to the required site — The rate of biotransformation or metabolism — The presence of active metabolites — The rate of excretion Absorption To be effective a drug must be absorbed - except for topical and IV This means drugs have to cross cell membranes The ability of the drug to cross the cell membrane is influenced by its solubility in water or fat, its size and shape Absorption IV injection IV injection delivered straight to bloodstream rapid action delivered straight to bloodstream rapid action All other routes All other routes need to be absorbed from site of administration speed of action depends on absorption rate ka need to be absorbed from site of administration speed of action depends on absorption rate ka Absorption Factors affecting the absorption rate ka Route of administration Blood supply to the site of absorption Formulation of the drug Gut transit time pH in the gut Solubility of the product Factors affecting the absorption rate ka Route of administration Blood supply to the site of absorption Formulation of the drug Gut transit time pH in the gut Solubility of the product NEET UG study material strengthens your understanding of fundamental concepts and develops problem-solving skills.
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